Netherlands

Safety and security

Emergency phone numbers

Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes and providing emergency services.

• Dial 112 for emergency response from the police, ambulance, or fire department. 
• Dial 0900-8844 for non-emergency police response.
• Dial 113 to reach the mental health crisis hotline.
• Dial 0800-2000 for the toll-free domestic violence hotline.  

Terrorism

Terrorists and their supporters may target U.S. citizens abroad. 

Find more information on the Netherland’s threat assessment, counterterrorism efforts, and crisis management planning on the National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security website. 

Terrorists may target:

• Large public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
• Popular hotels, clubs, and restaurants
• Places of worship
• Schools 
• Parks
• Shopping malls and markets
• Public transportation (subways, buses, trains, and commercial flights)

Demonstrations 

Demonstrations are common. They typically take place in response to political or economic issues. They often occur on significant holidays or during large events. 

• Demonstrations can be unpredictable. 
• Avoid areas around protests and other demonstrations.  
• Check local media for security updates and traffic advisories.

Crime

General Crime Trends:

• Crimes of opportunity are common. They include pickpocketing and purse snatching. These crimes tend to occur at popular tourist sites, restaurants, and on public transportation.
• There have been reports of passports being stolen on planes and trains to, from, and within the Netherlands, especially while changing gates, collecting luggage at baggage claim, or waiting for a taxi.  
• Thieves have targeted parked rental cars.  

Follow these tips to stay safe: 

• Use common sense. Stay alert to your surroundings.  
• Take the same personal security measures you would take in any large city or tourist destination. 
• Always keep track of your passport, including on planes and other forms of transportation. 
• Keep track of all personal belongings when picking up rental cars and while waiting for taxis. 
• Never leave bags unattended. Keep valuables like passports, cash, and phones in a safe spot, not in outer pockets or on tables or floors. 
• Do not leave bags on chairs, counters, or on top of your suitcase or travel bag. 
• Do not leave bags out of your control in places like hotel lobbies, train stations, car rental counters, airports, or restaurants. 
• Do not leave valuables or personal belongings in parked rental cars. 

Drugs and controlled substances

It is illegal to possess, sell, or produce drugs in the Netherlands.

• While Dutch tolerance policy allows for personal possession of small amounts of cannabis and purchase at licensed “coffee shops,” possession of large amounts of cannabis is illegal.  Bringing any amount of cannabis into the Netherlands is illegal.
• There are strict regulations regarding alcohol consumption and operating a vehicle or boat.
• If you are traveling to the Netherlands with medication, review Dutch regulations and requirements.  

Scams

Follow the Department of State guidelines to protect yourself from scams.

If you are a victim of a scam, learn how the FBI can help. 

Financial scams are common in the Netherlands.  Be careful of anyone asking for money.  Scams in the Netherlands have been reported to involve:

• People claiming to be U.S. military personnel
• People claiming to be detained or hospitalized abroad
• People claiming to be potential romantic partners
• People claiming to be relatives or other U.S. citizens in need of help
• People claiming to be local authorities
• Scams in the Netherlands often include:
• Asking for money via electronic transfers 
• Offering work permits
• Online dating leading to eventual requests for money

Victims of crime

Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime. You may report crimes to the local police by dialing 112 for emergencies, or 0900-8844 for non-emergencies.

Review our information for Victims of Crime.  

The U.S. embassy or consulate can: 

• Replace a stolen or lost passport.
• Help you find medical care.  
• Assist you in learning how to report a crime to the police. 
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent. 
• Provide general information regarding the criminal justice system in the Netherlands.  
• Provide a list of local attorneys. We do not endorse or recommend any specific attorneys. 
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States or limited medical support in cases of need. 
• Share information on organizations that can help you in the Netherlands if you are a victim of crime.

Sexual assault and domestic violence 

U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. embassy or consulate and local law enforcement for assistance. For local resources and support, contact the national domestic violence helpline (Veilig Thuis) at 0800-2000 or visit the Sexual Assault Center. 

Technology use abroad

Mobile devices are vulnerable to compromise, theft, and damage anywhere in the world. Follow these safe practices:

• Update all software (operating system and apps) before leaving the United States. 
• Use reputable, U.S.-based VPN or VoIP applications.  
• Don’t connect to public Wi-Fi networks. 
• Research the safety of routes recommended by GPS. The fastest route is not always the safest.
• Be cautious using dating apps abroad, as scammers often target U.S. citizens.

Tourism safety

The tourism industry is regulated:

• Rules and safety inspections are regularly enforced. 
• Dangerous areas and activities are marked with signs. 
• Trained and certified staff are usually there to help with organized activities. 
• If you get injured, you can usually get medical help locally. 
• U.S. citizens are encouraged to have medical evacuation insurance. 
• Review our information on Travel Insurance.  

Local laws and customs

Criminal penalties

• U.S. citizens must follow local laws. 
• If you break local laws, even by mistake, you could be deported, arrested, or imprisoned.  
• Travelers who accidentally break local laws have been detained, in some cases for a long period of time. They have also faced criminal charges and even be convicted of a crime.
• Drug possession is illegal:  While Dutch tolerance policy allows for personal possession of small amounts of cannabis and purchase at licensed “coffee shops,” possession of large amounts of cannabis is illegal.  Bringing any amount of cannabis into the Netherlands is illegal.
• Serious drug crime penalties:  While the Dutch justice system focuses on rehabilitation for drug offenders, penalties for serious drug crimes – like trafficking and organized crime – can be severe, with long prison sentences. 

Arrest notification 

• If you are arrested or detained, ask officials to notify the U.S. Consulate immediately.  

Counterfeit and pirated goods

Counterfeit and pirated goods are common in many destinations. 

• They may be illegal according to local laws.  
• Counterfeit and pirated goods may pose significant risks to consumer health and safety.  
• You may be subject to fines or have to surrender counterfeit and pirated goods to authorities if you bring them back to the United States.  

Learn more about U.S. restrictions on counterfeit and pirated goods: 

• U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
• U.S. Department of Justice 

Faith-based travelers

The Netherlands offers freedom of religion for all beliefs.

Faith based travel includes pilgrimages, service projects, and mission work. Prepare for your travel using these resources:  

• Faith-Based Travel
• Volunteering Abroad
• International Religious Freedom Reports

Gay and lesbian travelers

There are no legal restrictions on consensual same-sex sexual relations, the provision of information or services to persons on the basis of real or perceived sexual orientation, or the organization of events focused on sexual orientation in the Netherlands.  

• Review our information for Gay and Lesbian Travelers.

Travelers with accessibility needs

• The law in the Netherlands prohibits discrimination against people with physical, sensory, psychosocial, intellectual, and mental disabilities. The law is regularly enforced.
• Public transportation, lodging, communication/information, and general infrastructure are typically accessible in the Netherlands. The Netherlands offers a modern, integrated transport system, including wheelchair-accessible trams, trains, and buses. 
• Most modern public buildings and tourist attractions have elevators and ramps, and many canal boats are accessible.
• In historic areas and older areas, sidewalks can be narrow and have uneven surfaces.  Older, historical buildings may have steep stairs.
• Review our information on Accessibility Needs.

Students

Many U.S. students study in the Netherlands each year. The country offers English-language higher education programs and a central location in Europe. 

Review our information on Studying Abroad.

Visas and permits

• U.S. citizen students require a student visa (MVV) and residence permit (VVR) for stays longer than 90 days.
• Universities typically handle this process through the Entry and Residence Procedure (TEV).

Review our information on Studying Abroad.  

Women travelers  

• Review our information for Women Travelers. 

Human rights

• Review the Department of State’s Human Rights Report for your destination prior to traveling.

Health

Health resources 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Netherlands Traveler Information provides destination specific information on prevalent diseases and vaccination recommendations.  

• CDC Medical Tourism information  
• World Health Organization 
• Medicine and Health 
• Travel Insurance 

Emergency numbers 

• Dial 112 for emergency medical services.   

Ambulance services 

• Ambulance services are widely available.  

Medical payments and insurance 

Make sure you know if your health insurance plan provides reimbursement of medical expenses incurred abroad.  Most U.S. plans do not.  

• The U.S. government does not pay medical bills. 
• U.S. Medicare and Medicaid do not cover expenses or bills abroad. 
• Most hospitals and doctors in the Netherlands will not bill U.S. health insurance directly. 
• Medical care is not free in the Netherlands. If you require medical attention, you will be responsible for paying all expenses directly, even if you are treated in a public healthcare facility.  
• Lack of payment may result in a bar on future travel to the Netherlands. 
• Dutch hospitals often require proof of local insurance or payment in full before treating or admitting a patient. 
• We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover local medical care and/or medical evacuation if needed. 
• If you purchase supplemental insurance, you are responsible for seeking reimbursement from the insurance provider. Follow their instructions for filing claims

Vaccinations 

Stay up to date with the vaccines recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

• CDC Travelers’ Health 
• World Health Organization Travel Advice  

Healthcare facilities  

Healthcare facilities are present throughout the Netherlands, including in major cities and many smaller towns, but access can be limited for those without a local health plan.  Access to some specialized or nonurgent care may be more limited in small communities or on outlying islands, especially outside normal business hours. 

The U.S. Mission to the Netherlands maintains a list of doctors and hospitals on its website. We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic. 

Healthcare facilities  

Healthcare facilities are present throughout the Netherlands, including in major cities and many smaller towns, but access can be limited for those without a local health plan.  Access to some specialized or nonurgent care may be more limited in small communities or on outlying islands, especially outside normal business hours. 

The U.S. Mission to the Netherlands maintains a list of doctors and hospitals on its website. We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic. 

Prescription medications  

• Always carry your prescription medication in its original packaging and your doctor’s prescription.  
• Check with the Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport Medicines Page to ensure your medication is legal in the Netherlands.  
• The Netherlands has strict rules about bringing certain medications into the country. Some medications that are legal in the United States may be illegal or restricted in the Netherlands. Certified medical documentation is required when bringing certain medications into the Netherlands, including:  
  • Strong painkillers 
  • ADHD medications 
  • Sedatives and sleeping pills 
  • Medications containing diazepam, codeine (depending on strength), or pseudoephedrine 
  • Medications containing amphetamines 
  • Medicinal cannabis 

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have rules for bringing medication back into the United States.  If you buy medications abroad, the medications must meet CBP’s and the FDA’s requirements to bring them back legally.  

The medications must also be for personal use and approved for use in the United States.  

For more information:  

• U.S. Customs and Border Protection  
• Food and Drug Administration 

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and Surrogacy 

If you are considering traveling to Netherlands to use assisted reproductive technology (ART) or engage a surrogate, please review our information on ART and Surrogacy Abroad.  

• Commercial Surrogacy is illegal for foreigners in the Netherlands. For additional information, visit the Government of Netherlands website Surrogate mothers | Government.nl. 
• Altruistic Surrogacy is legal for foreigners in the Netherlands under strict regulations, provided only the surrogate’s basic medical expenses are paid. For additional information, visit the Government of Netherlands website Surrogate mothers | Government.nl. 

Water quality and food safety  

• Tap water is generally safe to drink and use in cooking. 
• Bottled water and beverages are generally safe. Use major brands and ensure the seal is intact. 

Air quality 

Air pollution can be a significant problem in many destinations abroad.  

• Check NASA’s Air Quality Forecast It uses Artificial Intelligence (AI), historical data, and global pollution modeling to generate a 3-day forecast of expected air quality in Netherlands.  
• For information about common air pollutants, check the CDC’s Air Quality page.  

For information about the U.S. Air Quality Index and health guidance, check out the EPA’s AirNow. 

For general health information, visit the Medicine and Health page. 

Transportation

Road conditions and safety 

Roads in the Netherlands are in very good condition and meet high European standards. Major highways and smaller roads are well maintained, well lit, and clearly marked. 

• In many city areas, the center lanes of 2-way streets are reserved for buses, trams, and taxis. 
• Traffic signs are clear and follow European Union standards. 
• Vehicle safety standards and inspections are enforced. 
• Dutch cities have extensive bicycle path networks that often run parallel to or across vehicle lanes.  

Traffic laws   

A valid U.S. driver's license is valid for use in the Netherlands while in tourist or visitor status. An International Driving Permit is not required for short-term visitors. 

• Drivers must stay alert and yield to bicyclists, who have the right-of-way in many situations.  
• Pedestrians should not walk on bicycle paths, which are usually next to the sidewalk and marked by red pavement.  
• Speeding, driving under the influence, and using a phone while driving are illegal.  Fines are high. 
• Seat belts are mandatory for all occupants and children must use appropriate child restraints based on age and size.  
• Driving is on the right side of the road, like in the United States. 
• Carry your driver's license, passport, and vehicle registration/insurance information. 

Taxis and ride-shares 

Taxi service in the Netherlands is generally safe but can be expensive.  

• Use licensed taxis from official taxi stands or reputable companies. 
• Ride-share apps operate in some Dutch cities and are widely used.  
• Follow standard safety practices. Verify the license plate and driver details in ride-sharing apps, avoid sharing personal information, and do not ride in unmarked or unofficial vehicles. 

Public and commercial transportation  

Public transportation across the Netherlands is  generally safe and] easy to access.  

• Visit the website of Netherland’s national tourist office. 
• Review our information on Driving and Transportation Safety Abroad.  

Aviation safety oversight  

• The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has found that Netherlands meets international standards for aviation safety oversight.  FAA's website includes more information on its assessment program. 

Maritime travel 

Mariners and passengers planning travel to Netherlands should check the following:   

• U.S. Maritime Advisories 
• U.S. Maritime Alerts 
• Maritime Safety Office Navigational Warnings  
• U.S. Coast Guard Maritime Commons  

Weather and natural disasters

Weather conditions

• Heat waves and extreme temperatures:  Heat waves are possible June-August.  Air conditioning is uncommon in Dutch residences, though some hotels and modern buildings may have air conditioning facilities.  
• Windstorms and heavy rain: Strong winds and heavy rain can disrupt road, rail, and air transport. 
• Icy conditions: While winters are generally mild, ice and freezing rain can create hazardous driving and cycling conditions.

For severe weather warnings, please visit the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute.

U.S. citizens living abroad

Living abroad resources

If you live outside the United States for a long time, you or your family may experience various life events, wish to exercise U.S. citizenship rights, or need to meet U.S. legal obligations while abroad.

• Learn how to prepare for voting in U.S. elections, the birth of a child, or getting married.
• Ensure you have a plan for healthcare and medical insurance abroad. 
• Even abroad, you still have certain obligations such as paying your U.S. taxes or registering for military selective service.
• Review information on federal benefits, such as Social Security and Veterans Affairs benefits

Embassies and consulates